Q1: Which of the following supplements is commonly used as a sleep aid?
Melatonin is a hormone that helps regulate sleep-wake cycles. As a supplement, it is widely used to improve sleep quality and manage insomnia or jet lag. It works by signaling to the body when it's time to sleep.
Q2: Which of the following types of intravenous administration is a slow delivery of medication into a vein over a set period of time?
IV infusion involves the slow and continuous delivery of medication into a vein over an extended period. This method ensures a steady and controlled release of medication into the bloodstream.
Q3: Which of the following medications is the generic name for Toprol-XL?
Metoprolol succinate is the generic name for Toprol-XL, a medication used to treat high blood pressure and heart conditions. It is an extended-release formulation of metoprolol.
Q4: Which of the following describes the meaning of the root word “lipo”?
The root word "lipo" comes from Greek, meaning "fat." It is used in medical terms related to fat, such as "liposuction" or "lipid."
Q5: If a patient needs to take 500 mg of a medication, and each tablet contains 250 mg, how many tablets should they take?
If a patient needs to take 500 mg of a medication and each tablet contains 250 mg, they should take: 500 mg / 250 mg per tablet = 2 tablets
Q6: The beyond-use date for a high-risk compounded sterile product stored at room temperature cannot exceed _____________?
The beyond-use date for a high-risk compounded sterile product stored at room temperature cannot exceed 24 hours.
Q7: All but which of the following medications is available over the counter?
All of the medications listed except for Advair are available over the counter.
Q8: Vicodin belongs to which of the following DEA schedules?
Vicodin belongs to DEA Schedule II.
Q9: Which of the following natural products may help lower cholesterol levels?
Red yeast rice may help lower cholesterol levels.
Q10: Medications that are required to be frozen when stored should generally be kept within which of the following temperature ranges?
Medications that are required to be frozen when stored should generally be kept within -25° and -10°C (-13 and 14°F).
Q11: Translate the following sig into patient directions: i cap po qod?
The sig “i cap po qod” translates to “Take one capsule by mouth every other day.”
Q12: Drug products that are considered to be therapeutically equivalent to other products will have a rating code that begins with which of the following letters?
Drug products that are considered to be therapeutically equivalent to other products will have a rating code that begins with the letter “A.”
Q13: A “Store in Refrigerator” auxiliary label should be used with which of the following medications?
A “Store in Refrigerator” auxiliary label should be used with an Augmentin suspension.
Q14: You have a patient who has an infection. She has been prescribed azithromycin. But, she has difficulty swallowing. Which dosage form would be best for her?
For a patient with difficulty swallowing, the best dosage form for azithromycin would be a liquid.
Q15: As a pharmacy technician, you’ll be tasked with compounding ophthalmic preparations. Which dosage form below is typically used for ophthalmic preparations?
For ophthalmic preparations, the typical dosage form used is an ointment.
Q16: Your patient is prescribed the following: Hepatin 25,000 units placed in 250cc of D5W and is to run at 1,000 units/hour. You decide to use a micro-drip set of 60 gtt/ml. What rate should you set it at?
To determine the drip rate in gtt/min, you can use the following steps:
1. First, calculate the concentration of the solution in units/mL:
Concentration = 25000 units ÷ 250 mL =100 units/mL
2. Determine how many mL/hour are needed to deliver 1000 units/hour:
mL/hour = 1000 units ÷ 100 units/mL =10 mL/hour
3.Since the drip set is 60 gtt/mL, convert mL/hour to gtt/min:
gtt/min = 10 mL/hour × 60 gtt/mL ÷ 60 minutes/hour=10 gtt/min
So, the rate should be set at 10 gtt/min.
Q17: What is Ultram ER’s generic name?
Ultram’s generic name is tramadol hydrochloride.
Q18: Which of the following prescriptions are exempt from PPPA?
The Poison Prevention Packaging Act (PPPA) requires certain medications to be dispensed in child-resistant packaging to prevent accidental poisoning. However, some medications are exempt from these requirements, especially those used in emergencies where quick access is essential.
Among the listed prescriptions, Nitrostat (SL) (sublingual nitroglycerin) is exempt from the PPPA requirements. This exemption is due to its critical role in treating angina (chest pain) where immediate access to the medication is necessary.
Q19: You need to inject a STAT dose of 30 mg of Drug L. It is available as a 2.5% injectable solution. What is the volume that you will need to fulfill this prescription?
To determine the volume needed for a 30 mg dose of Drug L with a concentration of 2.5%, follow these steps:
1. Convert the percentage concentration to mg/mL: A 2.5% solution means there are 2.5 grams of Drug L in 100 mL of solution. Therefore, 2.5% = 2.5 g/100 mL = 2.5 × 10 mg/mL = 25 mg/mL
2. Calculate the volume needed for the 30 mg dose:
Volume = Dose ÷ Concentration = 30 mg ÷ 25 mg/mL = 1.2 mL
Therefore, you will need 1.2 mL of the 2.5% injectable solution to administer a 30 mg dose of Drug L.
Q20: A patient who needs Prevacid to be dispensed requests for a generic substitution. Which of the following drugs will you most likely dispense?
Prevacid is the brand name for the drug lansoprazole, which is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used to treat conditions such as GERD, ulcers, and other stomach acid-related issues.
Q21: You spill a chemical, and it starts to emit a noxious odor. What is the first thing you should do to comply with the spill-handling procedure?
If you spill a chemical and it starts to emit a noxious odor, the first thing you should do to comply with the spill-handling procedure is to: Consult the drug’s MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) document.
The MSDS document provides crucial information on how to handle spills safely, including proper protective equipment, cleanup procedures, and first aid measures. It’s essential to refer to this document before taking any further action to ensure you handle the spill correctly and safely.
Q22: You receive a prescription for Vicodin 1 tab QID PRN #7. How many refills can the script be written for if the prescriber has legally requested repeats?
Vicodin is a Schedule II controlled substance, which means it cannot be refilled.
Q23: You are requested to create “Compound Q,” which needs to be divided into 0.25 Kg parts. Its recipe is as follows: S is 7.5 parts, K is 8.0 parts, D is 9.0 parts, and O is 25.5 parts. How much of ingredient K will be needed for the batch?
To determine how much of ingredient K is needed for the batch, follow these steps:
1. Calculate the total parts of the compound:
Total parts = 7.5 (S) + 8.0 (K) + 9.0 (D) + 25.5 (O) = 50.0 parts
2. Determine the amount of ingredient K for a 0.25 kg batch:
Amount of K = Parts of K ÷ Total parts × Total batch weight
Substitute the values:
Amount of K = 8.0/50.0 × 0.25 kg
Amount of K = 0.04 kg = 40 grams
Thus, 40 grams of ingredient K will be needed for the batch.
Q24: You see a patient who brings you a script for ofloxacin 0.3%/10 ml. It reads: 5 gtt AD BID X10D. What will you write on the label?
Based on the prescription, which specifies the medication to be administered as "5 gtt AD BID X10D":
• AD stands for auris dextra, which means the right ear.
• BID means twice daily.
• X10D means for 10 days.
So, the correct label for the prescription should be: Instill 5 drops into the right ear twice daily for 10 days.
Q25: A script for Drug L is given to you, and it reads: 20 mg BD PO x14D. You only have 10 mg tablets in stock. How many would you count to fulfill this prescription order?
To fulfill the prescription order, follow these steps:
1. Determine the total daily dosage:
BD means twice daily.
The prescription is for 20 mg twice daily.
So, the total daily dosage is 20 mg × 2 = 40 mg/day
2. Calculate the total dosage for the entire period:
The prescription is for 14 days.
Total dosage needed is 40 mg/day × 14 days=560
Determine how many tablets are needed:
You have 10 mg tablets.
Number of tablets required = 560 mg ÷ 10 mg/tablet = 56 tablets
Therefore, you need to count 56 tablets to fulfill the prescription order.
Q26: If a patient is covered by more than one health insurance plan, what method is implemented to see which of the insurance plans will pay the main amount and which will pay the remaining costs?
When a patient is covered by more than one health insurance plan, the method used to determine which insurance plan will pay the primary amount and which will cover the remaining costs is: Coordination of Benefits (COB)
Q27: An elderly patient comes to you and says after taking a specific OTC drug, she started feeling sharp chest pains. What would you advise her to do?
The reaction could be lethal, so the recommendation is always to go to the emergency room. You want to err on the side of caution!
Q28: Regarding Clark’s rule, what is a factor that is used to calculate a child’s dose from an adult’s dose?
Clark’s rule is used to calculate a child's dose based on the weight of the child compared to the weight of an average adult. The factor used in Clark's rule is: Weight in pounds
Clark's rule formula is:
Child’s dose = Weight of child in pounds/150 × Adult’s dose
Q29: Regarding Clark’s rule, what is a factor that is used to calculate a child’s dose from an adult’s dose?
To minimize the risk of coring, which is the process of a piece of the rubber stopper being pulled into the vial by the needle, a smaller gauge needle is preferable. Therefore, the needle less likely to cause coring is 20 gauge. Smaller gauge needles have finer tips, which reduce the likelihood of coring compared to larger gauge needles.
Q30: Which drug would you prescribe to treat hypercholesterolemia?
Tricor is used to treat hypercholesterolemia and it is a brand name for fenofibrate, which is used to lower cholesterol levels.
Here’s a brief overview of the other drugs:
• Lotrisone: A combination of clotrimazole and betamethasone used for fungal infections and inflammation.
• Ultram: A brand name for tramadol, a pain reliever.
• Zyprexa: A brand name for olanzapine, an antipsychotic medication.