Q1: A patient is taking 10 milliliters twice daily of amoxicillin 400 mg/5 mL. How many milligrams of amoxicillin is the patient receiving per day?
To determine the daily dosage of amoxicillin, we first need to calculate the amount of amoxicillin in each 10 milliliter dose.
Amoxicillin 400 mg/5 mL means that there are 400 milligrams of amoxicillin in every 5 milliliters of solution.
1. Since the patient is taking 10 milliliters per dose, we need to find out how many milligrams are in 10 milliliters: 400 mg × (10 mL/5 mL) = 800 mg.
2. The patient takes this dose twice daily, so we multiply the amount of amoxicillin per dose by the number of doses per day: 800 mg/dose × 2 doses/day = 1600 mg/day.
Therefore, the patient is receiving 1600 milligrams of amoxicillin per day.
Q2: A dropper is calibrated to deliver 20 gtts/mL of LCD. How many drops are re- quired for a prescription compound calling for 1.5 milliliters of LCD?
To determine how many drops are required for 1.5 milliliters of LCD when the dropper delivers 20 drops (gtts) per milliliter, we use the following calculation:
20 gtts/mL × 1.5 mL = 30 gtts
Therefore, 30 drops are required for 1.5 milliliters of LCD.
Q3: Convert 1:5000 to a percent strength?
To convert a ratio to a percent strength, follow these steps:
1. Understand the ratio: 1:5000 means 1 part solute in 5000 parts solution.
2. Convert the ratio to a fraction: 1/5000
3. Convert the fraction to a decimal: 1/5000=0.0002
4. Convert the decimal to a percentage: 0.0002 × 100=0.02%
Thus, the percent strength of a 1:5000 solution is 0.02%.
Q4: Calculate how many grams each of menthol crystals and camphor crystals are needed for the following prescription: Menthol crystals Camphor crystals: aa 0.5% Salicylic acid powder: 2% Cerave: qs 120 g?
To calculate how many grams each of menthol crystals and camphor crystals are needed for the prescription, follow these steps:
1. Determine the total weight of the final product: 120 grams.
2. Calculate the amount for 0.5% concentration: 0.5% of 120 grams = 0.005 * 120 = 0.6 grams
Therefore, you need 0.6 grams of menthol crystals and 0.6 grams of camphor crystals.
Q5: Amoxicillin 500-mg capsules cost $190.50/500 capsules. How much will a patient be charged for 20 capsules if the pharmacy adds a 35% markup and a $7.00 dispensing fee?
To determine how much a patient will be charged for 20 capsules of amoxicillin, follow these steps:
1. Calculate the cost per capsule:
• Total cost for 500 capsules: $190.50
• Cost per capsule: $190.50 / 500 = $0.381
2. Calculate the cost for 20 capsules:
• Cost for 20 capsules: 20 * $0.381 = $7.62
3. Apply a 35% markup:
• Markup amount: 35% of $7.62 = 0.35 * $7.62 = $2.667
• Total cost after markup: $7.62 + $2.667 = $10.287
4. Add the $7.00 dispensing fee:
• Total cost including dispensing fee: $10.287 + $7.00 = $17.287
So, the patient will be charged approximately $17.29
Q6: Convert 1.5 grams to milligrams?
To convert grams to milligrams, you multiply by 1,000 (since 1 gram = 1,000 milligrams).
1.5 grams * 1,000 = 1,500 milligrams
Q7: CA patient is to receive 8 mcg/min of digoxin. The concentration of the digoxin is 1mg/500 mL of IV fluid. How many milliliters per hour will the patient receive?
To solve this problem, we need to determine how many milliliters per hour will provide the required dosage of 8 micrograms per minute.
1. First, convert the dosage to micrograms per hour: 8 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 480 mcg/hr
2. Next, convert micrograms to milligrams: 480 mcg/hr = 0.48 mg/hr
3. Given that the concentration is 1 mg of digoxin in 500 mL of IV fluid, determine how many milliliters are needed to deliver 0.48 mg of digoxin: 0.48 mg/1 mg × 500 mL = 240 mL
Therefore, the patient will receive 240 mL/hr.
Q8: Calculate the days supply for the following prescription: Amoxicillin 500 mg, i cap po bid, dispense 14?
To calculate the days' supply for
the prescription, follow these steps:
1. Dosage frequency: "i cap po bid" means taking one capsule by mouth twice daily.
2. Total number of capsules prescribed: 14 capsules.
14 capsules/2 capsules per day = 7 days supply
Q9: One pint of lotion contains 65 milliliters of benzyl alcohol. Calculate the v/v% of benzyl alcohol in the lotion?
To calculate the volume/volume percentage (v/v%) of benzyl alcohol in the lotion, follow these steps:
1. Convert one pint to milliliters:
1 pint = 473.176 milliliters
2. Use the formula for v/v%:
v/v% = (Volume of solute/Volume of solution) × 100
3. Plug in the values:
v/v% = ( 65 mL/473.176 mL) × 1 00
4. Calculate the percentage:
v/v% = (65/473.176) × 100 = 13.7%
Q10: A physician orders lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg to be given to a patient weighing 165 pounds. The pharmacy has available lidocaine injection in a 4% solution. How many milliliters of the lidocaine solution will be needed for the patient?
To determine the volume of lidocaine solution needed, follow these steps:
1. Convert the patient's weight from pounds to kilograms:
165 pounds × 1 kg/2.2 pounds = 75 kg
2. Calculate the required dose in milligrams:
1.5 mg/kg × 75 kg = 112.5 mg
3. Convert the 4% lidocaine solution to mg/mL:
• A 4% solution means 4 grams per 100 mL.
• Therefore, 4 grams = 4000 mg.
• So, 4000 mg / 100 mL = 40 mg/mL.
4. Determine the volume needed:
112.5 mg/40 mg/mL = 2.8125 mL
The volume of lidocaine solution needed is approximately 2.81 mL.
Q11: Convert 33 pounds to kilograms?
To convert pounds to kilograms, you use the conversion factor 1 kg=2.2 lbs
33 pounds/2.2 pounds per kilogram = 15 kg
So, the correct answer is b. 15 kg.
Q12: A prescription calls for 0.3 grams of sodium chloride to be dissolved in purified water to form a solution. If the solubility of sodium chloride in water is 1 g/2.8 mL, how many milliliters of water are required to dissolve the sodium chloride?
To solve for the volume of water required to dissolve 0.3 grams of sodium chloride, we use the given solubility information: 1 gram of sodium chloride dissolves in 2.8 mL of water.
First, set up the proportion: 1 g/2.8 mL = 0.3 g/X mL
Solving for X: X = 0.3 g × 2.8 mL/1 g = 0.84 mL
Q13: A pharmacist dissolves 1.25 grams of sucrose in water to make 50 milliliters of solution. What is the percentage of sucrose?
To find the percentage of sucrose in the solution, you need to calculate the weight/volume percent concentration, which is given by the formula:
Percentage of sucrose = (mass of solute (grams)/volume of solution (mL)) × 100
Plug in the given values: Percentage of sucrose = (1.25 g/50 mL) × 100 = 2.5%
Q14: The retail price for a blood glucose monitor is $20.99. If the invoice cost is $16.51, what is the markup percentage?
• Retail Price = $20.99
• Invoice Cost = $16.51
First, calculate the difference between the retail price and the invoice cost:
20.99 − 16.51= 4.48
Next, divide the difference by the invoice cost:
4.48/16.51 ≈ 0.2714
Finally, convert to a percentage:
0.2714 × 100 ≈ 27.14%
So, the markup percentage is approximately 27.14%,
Q15: Convert 76°Fahrenheit to Celsius?
To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius, use the formula:
°C= (°F − 32) × 5/9
Given: °F = 76
First, subtract 32 from the Fahrenheit temperature:
76 – 32 = 44
Next, multiply the result by 5:
44 × 5 = 220
Finally, divide by 9:
220/9 = 24.44
So, 76°F is approximately 24.4°C
Q16: A vial of dexamethasone has a concentration of 4 mg/mL. How many milliliters would be given to a patient requiring a 20 milligram dose?
To determine the volume required for a given dose, use the formula:
Volume = Dose/Concentration
Given:
• Dose required = 20 mg
• Concentration = 4 mg/mL
Calculate the volume: Volume = 20 mg/4 mg/mL = 5 mL
Q17: If 150 milliliters of NS is infused, how many milligrams of sodium chloride will the patient receive?
To find the amount of sodium chloride in 150 milliliters of normal saline (NS), we need to know the concentration of sodium chloride in normal saline.
Normal saline (NS) is a 0.9% (w/v) solution of sodium chloride in water. This means there are 0.9 grams of sodium chloride in 100 milliliters of solution.
First, calculate the amount of sodium chloride in 1 milliliter of NS: 0.9 g/100 mL = 0.009 g/mL
Then, convert grams to milligrams (1 gram = 1000 milligrams): 0.009 g/mL × 1000 mg/g = 9 mg/mL
Next, calculate the total amount of sodium chloride in 150 milliliters of NS: 9 mg/mL × 150 mL = 1350 mg
So, if 150 milliliters of NS is infused, the patient will receive: b. 1350 mg
Q18: How many teaspoons are in 120 milliliters?
To convert milliliters to teaspoons, we use the conversion factor that 1 teaspoon (tsp) is equal to 5 milliliters (mL): 1 tsp = 5 mL
To find out how many teaspoons are in 120 milliliters, we divide 120 milliliters by 5 milliliters per teaspoon: 120 mL/5 mL/tsp = 24 tsp
Q19: A prescription calls for 200 milliliters of 0.25% prednisolone solution. How many milliliters of 0.5% prednisolone solution are needed to prepare the prescription?
To prepare a 200 milliliter solution of 0.25% prednisolone using a 0.5% prednisolone solution, you can use the concept of dilution, specifically the formula for dilution:
C1V1 = C2V2
Where:
• C1 is the concentration of the stock solution (0.5%).
• V1 is the volume of the stock solution needed.
• C2 is the concentration of the final solution (0.25%).
• V2 is the volume of the final solution (200 mL).
Plugging in the known values: 0.5% × V1 = 0.25% × 200 mL
Solving for V1:
V1 = 0.25% × 200 mL/0.5%
V1 = 50/0.5
V1 = 100 mL
Therefore, 100 milliliters of the 0.5% prednisolone solution are needed to prepare 200 milliliters of a 0.25% prednisolone solution.
Q20: What is the body surface area for a patient who weighs 26.4 kg and is 54.1 cm in height?
To calculate the body surface area (BSA) for a patient, the Mosteller formula is commonly used:
BSA (m²) = [height (cm) x weight (kg)] / 3600
Given:
• Weight: 26.4 kg
• Height: 54.1 cm
Plugging in the values:
BSA (m² )= (54.1 × 26.4/3600)
Calculating the value inside the square root first:
54.1 × 26.4/3600 = 1427.44/3600 = 0.396
Now, taking the square root of 0.396:
The square root of 0.396 is approximately 0.63.
Therefore, the body surface area (BSA) for the patient is: c. 0.63 m²
Q21: 1000 milliliters of fluids must be infused to a patient over six hours. If the calibration of the IV tubing is 10 gtts/mL, how many drops per minute will there be? (round answer to the nearest whole number)
To calculate the number of drops per minute (gtts/min) when infusing a certain volume of fluid over a given time, use the following formula:
gtts/min = Total Volume (mL) × Drop Factor (gtts/mL)/Total Time (minutes)
Given:
• Total Volume = 1000 mL
• Drop Factor = 10 gtts/mL
• Total Time = 6 hours
First, convert the total time from hours to minutes: 6 hours × 60 minutes/hour = 360 minutes
Now, plug the values into the formula: gtts/min = 1000 mL × 10 gtts/mL/360 minutes
Calculate the result: gtts/min=10000/360 = 27.78
Rounding to the nearest whole number: gtts/min = 28
Q22: Convert 480 milliliters to ounces?
To convert milliliters to ounces, we can use the conversion factor that 1 milliliter (mL) is approximately equal to 0.0338 ounces (oz).
Given: 480 milliliters (mL)
Now, multiply 480 mL by the conversion factor: 480 mL × 0.0338oz/mL = 16.224 oz
Rounding to the nearest whole number: 16.224 oz = 16 oz
Q23: A prescription calls for 15 mg/kg of vancomycin every eight hours. How many milligrams of vancomycin will a patient weighing 65 kg receive per day?
To calculate the total daily dose of vancomycin for a patient weighing 65 kg, who needs 15 mg/kg every 8 hours, we proceed as follows:
1. Calculate the total daily dose:
• The patient weighs 65 kg.
• Dose required per day = 15 mg/kg/day
• Total dose per day = 15 mg/kg/day × 65 kg = 975 mg/day
2. Determine the dose frequency:
• The prescription indicates the dose is given every 8 hours.
3. Calculate the total daily dose considering the frequency:
• Since the patient receives the dose three times a day (every 8 hours):
• Total daily dose = 975 mg/day × 3 = 2925 mg/day
Therefore, the patient weighing 65 kg will receive: d. 2925 mg/day
Q24: Calculate the days supply for the following prescription: Sulfatrim, 1 tsp po q12h, dispense 140 mL?
To calculate the days supply for the prescription of Sulfatrim:
1. Understand the prescription:
• Medication: Sulfatrim
• Dosage: 1 teaspoon (tsp) orally every 12 hours (q12h)
• Dispense quantity: 140 milliliters (mL)
2. Calculate the daily dosage:
• The prescription is for 1 tsp q12h.
• Therefore, the patient takes 2 teaspoons per day.
3. Calculate the days supply:
• Days supply = (Dispense quantity) / (Daily dosage)
• Days supply = 140 mL / 2 tsp per day
Convert teaspoons to milliliters:
• 1 teaspoon (tsp) = approximately 5 milliliters (mL)
Now calculate the days supply:
• 140 mL / (2 tsp/day) = 140 mL / (2 * 5 mL) = 140 mL / 10 mL = 14 days
Therefore, the days supply for the prescription is: d. 14 days
Q25: Calculate how many tablets are needed to fill the following prescription: Furosemide 20 mg, ii tabs po bid x 14d?
To calculate how many tablets are needed to fill the prescription for Furosemide:
1. Understand the prescription:
• Medication: Furosemide 20 mg
• Dosage: ii (2) tablets by mouth (po) twice a day (bid)
•Dura tion: 14 days
2. Calculate the total number of tablets per day:
• Dosage per administration: 2 tablets
• Frequency: twice a day
• Total tablets per day = 2 tablets * 2 times per day = 4 tablets per day
3. Calculate the total number of tablets for 14 days:
• Total tablets needed = 4 tablets per day * 14 days = 56 tablets
Q26: Calculate how many milligrams of enalapril powder are required for the following prescription: Enalapril 15 mg/5 mL, Dispense: 120 mL?
To calculate how many milligrams of enalapril powder are required for the prescription:
1. Understand the prescription:
• Concentration: Enalapril 15 mg/5 mL
• Volume to be dispensed: 120 mL
2. Calculate the total milligrams of enalapril in the 120 mL:
• Concentration: 15 mg per 5 mL
• First, determine the number of 5 mL units in 120 mL: 120 mL ÷ 5 mL = 24
• Total milligrams of enalapril: 24 × 15 mg = 360 mg
Q27: Calculate how many grams of salicylic acid powder are needed for the following prescription: Menthol crystals Camphor crystals: aa 0.5% Salicylic acid powder: 2% Cerave: gs 60 g
To calculate how many grams of salicylic acid powder are needed:
1. Understand the prescription:
• Salicylic acid powder: 2%
• Total amount of Cerave: 60 g
2. Calculate the grams of salicylic acid powder:
• 2% of 60 g: 2/100 × 60 g=1.2 g
Q28: The package insert for a drug states that 1.5 milliliters of diluent must be added to 0.25 grams of the dry powder to make a final solution of 100 mg/mL. What is the powder volume?
To find the powder volume, we need to understand the final volume of the solution and subtract the volume of the diluent added.
1. Understand the prescription:
• Amount of dry powder: 0.25 grams (which is 250 mg)
• Diluent added: 1.5 milliliters
• Final concentration: 100 mg/mL
2. Calculate the final volume of the solution:
• Since the final concentration is 100 mg/mL, the final solution volume is: 250 mg/100 mg/mL=2.5 mL
3. Determine the powder volume:
• The final volume (2.5 mL) minus the volume of the diluent added (1.5 mL): 2.5 mL−1.5 mL=1 mL
Q29: Convert 8 fluid ounces to milliliters?
1 fluid ounce is equal to 30 milliliters, the calculation would be:
8 fluid ounces × 30 mL/fluid ounce = 240 mL
Q30: A wheelchair costs the pharmacy $112.50. If the pharmacy adds a 25% markup to medical equipment, what is the retail price of the wheelchair?
To find the retail price of the wheelchair with a 25% markup, you can use the following formula: Retail Price = Cost + (Cost × Markup Percentage)
Given:
• Cost = $112.50
• Markup Percentage = 25% = 0.25
Now, plug in the values:
Retail Price = $112.50 + ($112.50 × 0.25)
Retail Price = $112.50 + $28.125
Retail Price=$140.625
Rounded to the nearest cent, the retail price is $140.63.
Q31: A patient is dispensed a 10 milliliter vial of insulin that contains 100 units/mL. How many days will the vial last if the patient uses 50 units per day?
To determine how many days a 10 milliliter vial of insulin will last for a patient using 50 units per day, follow these steps:
1. Calculate the total number of units in the vial:
Total units = Volume of vial × Units per milliliter
Total units = 10 mL × 100 units/mL
Total units=1000 units
2. Determine how many days the total units will last if the patient uses 50 units per day: Number of days =Total units/Units per day
Number of days =1000 units÷50 units/day
Number of days = 20 days
Q32: A prescription calls for 20 mg/kg of a drug for a patient who weighs 70 kilograms. How many milligrams of the drug should the patient receive?
To calculate how many milligrams of the drug a patient who weighs 70 kilograms should receive when prescribed 20 mg/kg, use the following steps:
Multiply the prescribed dosage (20 mg/kg) by the patient's weight (70 kg):
Total dosage = Dosage per kg × Patient’s weight
Total dosage=20 mg/kg × 70 kg
Total dosage=1400 mg
Q33: A prescription calls for cisplatin 50 mg/m² per dose. How many milligrams of cisplatin are required for a patient with a BSA of 1.3 m²?
To calculate the dosage of cisplatin required for a patient based on their body surface area (BSA), use the following steps:
Multiply the prescribed dosage (50 mg/m²) by the patient's BSA (1.3 m²):
Total dosage = Dosage per m² × BSA
Total dosage=50 mg/m² × 1.3 m²
Total dosage=65 mg
Q34: Calculate the days supply for the following prescription if 1 milliliter contains 15 drops of medication (round answer down to the nearest whole number): TobraDex Susp, 1 gtt os tid, dispense 2.5 mL bottle?
To calculate the days supply for the prescription, follow these steps:
1. Determine the total number of drops in the 2.5 mL bottle:
1 mL = 15 drops
2.5 mL = 2.5 × 15=37.5 drops
2. Calculate the daily usage of drops:
1 drop per dose × 3 doses per day = 3 drops per day
3. Determine the days supply by dividing the total number of drops by the daily usage:
Days supply = 37.5 drops/3 drops per day=12.5 days
Since we round down to the nearest whole number: The days supply is: b. 12 days
Q35: How many 0.5 milliliter doses can be drawn from a 10 milliliter multi-dose vial?
To determine how many 0.5 milliliter doses can be drawn from a 10 milliliter multi-dose vial, follow these steps:
Calculate the number of doses:
Number of doses = Total volume/Dose volume
Number of doses = 10 mL/0.5 mL
Number of doses = 20
Q36: A patient is to receive 125 mL/hr of an IV bag that is 1 liter. How many hours will the IV bag last?
To determine how many hours a 1-liter (1000 milliliters) IV bag will last when administered at a rate of 125 milliliters per hour, follow these steps:
Calculate the duration of the IV bag:
Duration (hours) = Total volume (mL)/Rate (mL/hr)
Duration (hours) = 1000 mL/125 mL/hr
Duration (hours) = 8 hours
Q37: How many grams of dextrose are in 250 milliliters of D50W?
D50W stands for "50% dextrose in water," which means there are 50 grams of dextrose in every 100 milliliters of solution.
To calculate the amount of dextrose in 250 milliliters of D50W, follow these steps:
1. Determine the concentration of dextrose in grams per milliliter: 50 grams per 100 mL = 0.5 grams per mL
2. Calculate the total amount of dextrose in 250 milliliters: 0.5 grams per mL × 250 mL = 125 grams
Q38: 120 grams of an ointment contains 6 grams of an active ingredient. Calculate the percent strength of the active ingredient in the ointment?
To calculate the percent strength of the active ingredient in the ointment, use the following formula:
Percent strength = (Amount of active ingredientTotal amount of ointment) ×100
Given:
• Amount of active ingredient = 6 grams
• Total amount of ointment = 120 grams
•Percent strength = (6 grams/120 grams) × 100
•Percent strength = (6/120) × 100
•Percent strength = 0.05 × 100
•Percent strength = 5%
Q39: How many milliliters of 30% sucrose can be made from one quart of 70% sucrose?
To determine how many milliliters of 30% sucrose can be made from one quart (946 mL) of 70% sucrose solution, we need to calculate the amount of sucrose in both the original and desired solutions.
Step-by-step Solution:
1. Calculate the amount of sucrose in the original solution (70% sucrose):
• 70% sucrose means 70 grams of sucrose in 100 mL of solution.
• Therefore, in 946 mL (1 quart): Amount of sucrose=70 grams/100 mL×946 mL=662.2 grams
2. Determine the amount of sucrose needed for 30% sucrose:
• 30% sucrose means 30 grams of sucrose in 100 mL of solution.
3. Calculate the volume of 30% sucrose solution that can be made:
• Let 𝑉 be the volume of 30% sucrose solution we want to find.
• Set up the proportion based on the sucrose content: 30 grams/100 mL = 662.2 grams/ 𝑉 mL
• Cross-multiply to solve for 𝑉:
• 30× 𝑉 = 662.2×100
• 30𝑉= 66220
• 𝑉 = 66220/30=2207.3 mL
Therefore, the answer is: c. 2207.3 mL
This is the amount of 30% sucrose solution that can be made from one quart of 70% sucrose solution.
Q40: A TPN order calls for 60 milliequivalents of sodium chloride. Stock vials contain 4 mEq/mL. How many milliliters of sodium chloride should be used?
To determine how many milliliters of sodium chloride should be used, we need to use the concentration provided in the stock vials to calculate the required volume for the specified milliequivalents (mEq).
Given:
• Required amount of sodium chloride: 60 mEq
• Concentration of sodium chloride in stock vials: 4 mEq/mL
Calculation:
To find the volume (mL) required, use the formula:
Volume = Required mEq/Concentration (mEq/mL)
Substitute the given values into the formula:
Volume = 60 mEq/4 mEq/mL
Volume = 15 mL
Q41: A patient is to receive 30 units of insulin glargine once daily at bedtime. How many milliliters will be used daily if a 10 milliliter vial contains 100 units/mL?
To calculate how many milliliters of insulin glargine will be used daily, you can use the concentration and the required dose:
1. Concentration of insulin glargine: 100 units/mL
2. Required dose: 30 units
Use the formula:
Volume (mL) = Dose (units)/Concentration (units/mL)
Substitute the given values:
Volume (mL) = 30 units/100 units/mL
Volume (mL) = 0.3 mL
Q42: A prescriber orders 1.5 liters of IV fluids to be infused over twelve hours. What is the flow rate in mL/hr?
To calculate the flow rate in mL/hr, use the following formula:
Flow rate (mL/hr) = Total volume (mL)/Total time (hr)
Given:
• Total volume = 1.5 liters = 1500 mL
• Total time = 12 hours
Substitute the given values:
Flow rate (mL/hr) = 1500 mL/12 hr
Flow rate (mL/hr) = 125 mL/hr
Q43: An order is received for 500 milliliters of normal saline to be infused over five hours. If the IV administration set is calibrated to deliver 20 gtts/mL, what will be the flow rate in gtts/min? (round answer to the nearest whole number)
Let's break down the calculation step by step:
1. Calculate the total drops per minute:
First, determine the total drops needed for the entire infusion:
Total drops = 500 mL × 20 gtts/mL
Total drops = 10000 gtts
2. Calculate the flow rate in drops per minute:
Now, calculate the flow rate by dividing the total drops by the total time in minutes (5 hours converted to minutes):
Flow rate (gtts/min) = Total drops/Total time (min)
Flow rate (gtts/min) = 10000 gtts/300 min
Flow rate (gtts/min) = 33.33 gtts/min
Since we are asked to round to the nearest whole number:
Flow rate (gtts/min) = 33 gtts/min
So, the calculation confirms that the flow rate is approximately 33 drops per minute.
Q44: Convert 0.25% to a ratio strength?
To convert a percentage strength to a ratio strength, you can use the following approach:
0.25% means 0.25 grams per 100 milliliters (or 0.25 grams per 100 grams). This can be simplified to a ratio as follows:
0.25% = 0.25 grams/100 grams
To convert this into a ratio strength, we need to scale it up. Since 0.25 grams in 100 grams is equivalent to 1 gram in 400 grams (by multiplying both numerator and denominator by 4):
0.25 grams/100 grams = 1 gram/400 grams
Therefore, 0.25% is equivalent to a ratio strength of 1:400.
Q45: Convert 2 grains to milligrams?
To convert grains to milligrams, use the conversion factor that 1 grain is approximately equal to 65 milligrams.
2 grains × 65 mg/grain=130 mg
Q46: A patient is to receive 7 doses of azithromycin 500 mg. If the pharmacy has one gram vials available, how many vials will be needed to prepare the 7 doses?
To determine how many 1-gram vials of azithromycin are needed to prepare 7 doses of 500 mg each, follow these steps:
1. Calculate the total amount of azithromycin required for 7 doses: 7 doses × 500 mg/dose = 3500 mg
2. Convert the total amount needed from milligrams to grams: 3500 mg ÷ 1000 mg/g = 3.5 g
3. Determine the number of 1-gram vials needed to provide 3.5 grams: 3.5 g ÷ 1 g/vial = 3.5 vials
Since you can't use half of a vial, you need to round up to the next whole vial: 3.5 vials → 4 vials
Q47: Determine which of the following package sizes is most appropriate to dispense for the following prescription (assume 1 milliliter contains 15 drops of medication): Ciprodex, 4 gtts ad bid x 7d?
1. Calculate the total number of drops needed per day: 4 gtts × 2 times/day =8 gtts/day
2. Calculate the total number of drops needed for 7 days: 8 gtts/day × 7 days=56 gtts
3. Convert the total number of drops to milliliters (since 1 mL contains 15 drops): 56 gtts ÷ 15 gtts/mL = 3.73 mL
Since you need 3.73 mL, the most appropriate package size would be 5 mL to ensure you have enough medication.
Q48: 20 milliliters of an electrolyte solution and 10 milliliters of a multivitamin solution are added to one liter of NS. If the infusion is to be administered over a period of five hours, what is the flow rate in mL/hr?
To calculate the flow rate, we first need to determine the total volume of the solution to be infused.
1. Calculate the total volume of the solution:
• Electrolyte solution: 20 mL
• Multivitamin solution: 10 mL
• Normal Saline (NS): 1000 mL
Total volume = 20 mL + 10 mL + 1000 mL = 1030 mL
2. Determine the flow rate:
• Total volume to be infused = 1030 mL
• Time period = 5 hours
Flow rate (mL/hr) = Total volume (mL) / Time (hr)
Flow rate=1030 mL/5 hr = 206 mL/hr
So, the flow rate is 206 mL/hr, and the correct answer is: c. 206 mL/hr
Q49: How many grams each of triamcinolone 0.025% cream and 0.5% cream should be mixed to prepare 60 grams of triamcinolone 0.4% cream?
Step-by-Step Explanation:
1. Determine the Differences:
• Desired concentration: 0.4%
• Lower concentration (0.025% cream): 0.025%
• Higher concentration (0.5% cream): 0.5%
Calculate the differences:
• Difference between the higher concentration and the desired concentration: 0.5%−0.4%=0.1%
• Difference between the desired concentration and the lower concentration: 0.4%−0.025%=0.375%
2. Set Up the Ratios:
• The amount of 0.025% cream needed is based on the difference between the higher concentration (0.5%) and the desired concentration (0.4%): 0.1/0.475
• The amount of 0.5% cream needed is based on the difference between the desired concentration (0.4%) and the lower concentration (0.025%): 0.375/0.475
3. Calculate the Quantities:
• Quantity of 0.025% triamcinolone cream: 60 grams × 0.1/0.475=12.6 grams
• Quantity of 0.5% triamcinolone cream: 60 grams × 0.375/0.475=47.4 grams
Conclusion:
• 12.6 grams of 0.025% triamcinolone cream
• 47.4 grams of 0.5% triamcinolone cream
So, to make 60 grams of 0.4% triamcinolone cream, you need: b. 12.6 grams of triamcinolone 0.025% cream and 47.4 grams of triamcinolone 0.5% cream.
Q50: A medication has a wholesale cost of $11.49 and retails for $19.99. The dispensing cost is $2.20. What is the pharmacy’s net profit?
To calculate the pharmacy's net profit, we need to consider the retail price, the wholesale cost, and the dispensing cost. Calculation Steps:
1. Retail Price: $19.99
2. Wholesale Cost: $11.49
3. Dispensing Cost: $2.20
First, add the wholesale cost and the dispensing cost to get the total cost:
Total Cost = Wholesale Cost + Dispensing Cost
Total Cost = 11.49 + 2.20 = 13.69
Next, subtract the total cost from the retail price to find the net profit:
Net Profit = Retail Price − Total Cost
Net Profit = 19.99 − 13.69 = 6.30